Characterizing Hemophilia Severity and Its Impact on Patient Outcomes

Hemophilia is classified based on the level of clotting factor activity—mild, moderate, or severe—which directly influences how the condition manifests clinically. Patients with severe hemophilia often experience spontaneous bleeding, particularly into joints and muscles, leading to chronic pain, mobility limitations, and long-term joint damage. Those with moderate disease may bleed after minor injuries, while individuals with mild hemophilia typically experience bleeding primarily with significant trauma or surgical procedures. Across all severities, patients face key risks including spontaneous hemorrhage, recurrent hemarthroses, and bleeding triggered by accidents or invasive interventions. Understanding this spectrum enables clinicians to anticipate complications, tailor prophylactic and on-demand therapies, and engage in proactive monitoring to help minimize joint deterioration and preserve quality of life.