Radiation Recall in Modern Oncology: Evolving Triggers and Treatment

Radiation recall phenomenon (RRP) is an acute inflammatory reaction confined to previously irradiated tissue, triggered by the subsequent administration of systemic anticancer agents, and distinct from concurrent radiosensitization. With the rapid integration of targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) into oncological practice, the clinical landscape of RRP has shifted, necessitating an updated, evidence-based synthesis of its pathogenesis, contemporary triggers, and optimal management strategies.